ASSERTIVE: To change into indirect speech—Sub +say/ tell + object+
that +reported subject + verb + extension.
Ex:Jebin said, “I am reading a book.”
Indirect: Jebin said that she was reading a book.
Ex:The teacher said to me “You are wrong.”
Indirect: The teacher told to me that I was wrong
OPTATIVE: To change into indirect speech—Sub + wish/pray + that
+ Reported speech’s Sub + might + main verb’s extension.
Ex: Father said to me, “May you pass the examination.”
Indirect: Father prayed that I might pass the examination.
Ex: The teacher said to the students, “May Allah blesses you.”
Indirect: The teacher wished that Allah might bless the student.
EXCLAMATORY: To change into indirect speech—Sub +exclaim/ exclaimed with joy/sorrow + that + reported speech’s Sub + verb past form + very/great + adjective + extension.
Ex: The students said, “Hurrah! Our team has won the game.”
Indirect: The students exclaimed with joy that their team had won the
Game.
If reported speech begins with HOW/WHAT, to change into indirect
Very, much, great etc will be used.
Ex: Silvia said, “What a fine bird it is!”
Indirect: Silvia exclaimed with joy that it was a very fine bird.
INTERROGATIVE: To change into indirect speech—Subject + ask / inquire of + object + if / whether + reported speech’s Subject + verb+
Extension.
Ex: Rona said to his sister, “Will you go to school?”
Indirect: Rona asked his sister if she would go to school.
